I was studying Matthew 16:18 and noticed something in the Greek. Peter's name is petros, which is not just "rock" but implies "a piece of a rock". Meanwhile, the rock (or Rock?) upon which the church is built--in the same verse--is petras, which implies "a mass of a rock". These are clearly two different ideas. The Lord seems to be using Simon Peter's name as a kind of pun, a play on words, a metaphor, that he is a "chip off the ol' block." The "chip" and the "block" cannot be synonymous. There's no way an educated man can deduce the Catholic doctrine of Church and Papal supremacy based on this verse. As such, the next verse, where the keys are spoken of, cannot be interpreted as Church authority (capital C referring to Catholic Church in this context). As these verses are the primary if not sole support for the authority of Church tradition and the Papacy, the bulk of perverted Catholic doctrines fall away.